Use of Naltrexone for Teen Eating Disorders
Naltrexone, an opioid receptor antagonist, has been studied as a potential treatment for eating disorders in adolescents, particularly for binge eating disorder (BED), bulimia nervosa (BN), and hyperphagia associated with conditions like Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS). However, its use in teens remains off-label and requires careful consideration.
Potential Benefits in Adolescents
Reduces Binge Eating and Cravings
By blocking opioid receptors, naltrexone may reduce the brain’s reward response to binge eating, helping curb compulsive food-seeking behaviors.
This effect may be beneficial for BED and BN, where individuals experience loss of control over eating.
Regulates Impulsivity
Naltrexone may help with impulsivity and compulsive behaviors, which are often seen in adolescents with eating disorders and co-occurring ADHD or mood disorders.
Suppresses Hyperphagia (Extreme Hunger)
Some studies have examined its use in Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS), where it can help regulate excessive hunger and food-seeking behaviors.
Evidence and Studies in Adolescents
Binge Eating Disorder (BED) & Bulimia Nervosa (BN)
Limited research in teens, but some adult studies suggest that naltrexone, alone or with bupropion (Contrave), reduces binge eating frequency.
Case reports in adolescents suggest possible benefit, but more studies are needed.
Anorexia Nervosa (AN)
Limited effectiveness—naltrexone does not seem to significantly improve restrictive eating disorders and may even suppress appetite further, which can be dangerous in underweight individuals.
Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS)
Some evidence supports its use in reducing hyperphagia in adolescents with PWS, but results are mixed.
Dosage and Administration
Typically used in lower doses for adolescents (e.g., 25-50 mg/day) to minimize side effects.
Sometimes combined with bupropion (Wellbutrin) for enhanced appetite and impulse control effects.
Close medical monitoring is required, especially for mood and liver function.
Safety Considerations & Side Effects
Common Side Effects: Nausea, dizziness, headache, fatigue, and anxiety.
Mood and Psychiatric Risks: May worsen anxiety or depression in some teens.
Not for Use in Opioid Users: Can trigger withdrawal in those using opioids.
Liver Toxicity Risk: Rare but should be monitored in long-term use.
Key Considerations for Teen Use
· Best for teens with BED, BN, or hyperphagia-related conditions
· Should be part of a broader treatment plan, including therapy, nutrition counseling, and medical oversight
· Not typically recommended for underweight individuals (e.g., anorexia nervosa)
· Use with caution in teens with a history of mood disorders.
Final thoughts
While naltrexone is not a first-line treatment for teen eating disorders, it may be helpful in select cases where binge eating, compulsive eating, or hyperphagia are major concerns. However, due to the limited research in adolescents, its use should be carefully monitored by a healthcare provider.
Disclaimer: This information is intended for educational purposes and should not replace professional medical advice. If you or someone you know is in crisis or needs immediate help, please contact a healthcare professional or crisis intervention service immediately.
